The perception of a damaged educational system under Corbett helped drive his loss in the Nov. 4 election, as Corbett defended his stance on education funding by saying it is more important how money is spent rather than how much is spent.
Shown the AP’s figures, Jim Buckheit of the Pennsylvania Association of School Administrators said that the gap had “exploded.”
This school year, districts in the top half of average resident income are budgeted to spend nearly $1,800 more per student than the poorest half of districts. That’s a 140 percent increase in the size of the gap, or about $1,060 more per student, since the 2010-11 school year, according to the AP’s analysis.
The gap is even wider when considering districts on the farther ends of the income spectrum.
Districts in the top 20 percent of average resident income are budgeted to spend slightly more than $4,000 more per student this year than the poorest 20 percent of districts. That’s a 130 percent increase, or about $2,300 more per student, in the past four years.
Figures for 2014-15 are not final, and could change slightly, as data is updated on attendance and amounts spent. But Buckheit and officials with other education advocacy groups agreed that the trend shown by the data is undeniable.
Pennsylvania’s educational system has returned to the kind of disparity that Corbett’s predecessor, Democrat Ed Rendell, tried to erase by pumping up state aid to public schools by about $2 billion a year.
Corbett, who took office in 2011, pointed to declining enrollments and a yawning state budget deficit and quickly persuaded the Republican-controlled Legislature to cut state aid.
In the meantime, wealthier districts were able to meet rising costs with the help of bigger reserves and deeper local tax bases, but budgets in poorer districts practically froze, just as long-delayed annual pension obligation payments skyrocketed under a 2010 law.
“They can’t make up the difference” from their tax base, Buckheit said. “As these cuts went into place, the only options the (poorer) districts had was to cut.”
In a study published online in July by the Washington, D.C.-based Center for American Progress, Rutgers University education professor Bruce D. Baker concluded that, among all states, Pennsylvania and Illinois harbor the worst inequalities in school finance.
Asked this month about the growing disparity, Corbett didn’t point to his administration’s policies. Rather, he said, it is a subject of great concern that lawmakers must figure out. He also said a system of 500 school districts that make independent budgeting decisions will complicate the effort to decide how much should be spent to educate a child or achieve parity between the rich and poor.
Last June, Corbett signed legislation that set in motion an effort to resurrect an apolitical formula to distribute state school aid, and its suggestions will be delivered to Wolf, who takes office Jan. 20 with a pledge to dramatically increase the state’s contribution to schools.
This year, the state plans to send about $2 billion out of about $5.5 billion in its core school aid program to the wealthiest half of districts. But Corbett suggested that the Legislature’s political role in distributing school aid will frustrate any effort to divert aid to the poor from the wealthy. Closing the gap between the rich and the poor could require an additional $1.5 billion for schools in the bottom half of income.
“So who do I take it away from?” Corbett asked.
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